Vol. 14 No. 2 (2006)
Articles
Abstract: Abstract: The geometric non-linear total potential energy equation is developed and extended to study the behavior of buckling and deflection beyond the bifurcation point and showing columns resistance beyond the Euler load. Three types of boundary conditions are studied (pin ended, fixed ended and cantilever). The equation of non-linear total potential energy is solved by exact method (closed form solution) and compared with other approximated methods (Rayleigh- Ritz, Koiter’s theory and non-linear finite difference method). The agreement is found quite enough and satisfactory for most situations of practical cases. Key words: Bifurcation, Buckling, Columns, Finite difference method, Koiter’s theory, nonlinear buckling and Rayleigh- Ritz method
Abstract: Summary This study investigates the effect of urea product on the engineering properties of gypseous soil obtained from Baiji area. The investigated soil can be described as silty soil with low plasticity and high gypsum contents (32% gypsum). The maximum dry density of the compacted soil increased with the addition of urea up to 8% urea then decreased. The direct shear test results showed that the effective angle of the internal friction (
Abstract: ABSTRACT In this study, trip attraction phenomenon has been studied for 20 residential out of 28 traffic zones located within Dohuk city urban area composed of more than 300,000 in residents. Home-interview travel data provided for the city are used in addition to special data collected to perform the trip attraction analysis .Attraction trips are classified into seven types and selected as dependent variables while other variables like number of dwelling units, employment,....etc., are selected as independent variables in the SPSS package to obtain the most statistically well accepted predicted attraction trip models. Some models like HBW trips is constant eliminated with good (R2) value. HBSH and HBOH trips are showing weak correlation with their independent variables like amount of CBD area and number of retail sales located within CBD area. Key Word: Trip Attraction
Abstract: Abstract In this paper, An-Non destructive test procedure was used to study the effect of depth and Location of circumferential cracks on the vibration characteristics of the rotating shafts. The first procedure was to measure the natural frequencies of rotating shaft before renewing circumferential cracks with different dimensions and depths from the bearing of the rotating shaft using (vibration analyzer B & K type 2515) apparatus to analyze the vibrational characteristics during the rotation and comparing it with mathematical analysis using the method of mounting the rotating shaft. Secondly, a crack of certain depth and dimension away from the rotating shaft bearing was made. The measurements of the natural free vibration due to the presence of the crack were carried out. The study took into consideration the diameter and the length of the rotating shaft, beside the measurement of the natural free vibration of the shaft. The practical results showed a decrease in the natural frequencies of rotating shaft when the crack prested. This decrease was more when the crack located in areas near the bearing than was located away from the bearing. Key Word : Shaft, Crack, Circumferential, Frequency, Depth.
Abstract: Abstract In this study, the public transport in Dohuk City is investigated. Questionnaire forms were prepared and used to collect socio-economic data from transit riders, their origins and destinations, trip purpose, and their mode of transport. Low standard of living residents in this city are captive to use public transport, with out scheduling of transit, especially males of (18-25) years old. The people who are using transit their home are far a way from the road for a distance more than (200)m. Out of the data analyzed some conclusions and recommendations are presented in order to be considered by experts and specialists in this city to take them under option in the future to develop the transit routes and modes. Key Word: Public Transport Dohuk
Abstract: ABSTRACT The coefficient of discharge of normal and oblique weirs with semicircular crest under free over flow conditions was studied experimentally. Forty-five weir models were constructed and tested.These models classified in to five groups based on the variation of oblique angle with the canal wall (
Abstract: Abstract The main objective of this research study is to investigate the potential use of pyrolisis polypropylene as modifiers in hot mix asphalt paving mixtures. Seven different blends including conventional mix were subjected to binder testing such as rheological tests, as well as to some other tests related to the homogeneity of the system. Optimum asphalt content was obtained by Marshall method and used in all the modified mixes. The engineering properties, including Marshall stability and indirect tensile strength were determined. Research results indicate that modified binders showed higher softening point, keeping the vales of ductility at minimum range of specification of (100cm), and caused a reduction in percent loss of weight due to heat and air (i.e. increase durability of original asphalt). The results indicated that the inclusion of pyrolisis polypropylene with asphaltic concrete mixtures gave a quite satisfactory result in terms of stability and other Marshall properties, and increase in indirect tensile strength). Keywords: polypropylene, polymers, asphalt modifiers, Asphalt binders
Abstract: Abstract A good alignment of irrigation canal means efficient transport of irrigation water, least cost of construction and maintenance. In this study we determined some imported sections of the main canal in north Jazira irrigation project where sediment & collapse which happened in the banks and the bed of the main canal. We suggest some methods to stopped or treated them. Keyword (Alignment Of Canal _ Curve _ North Jazira Irrigation Project)
Abstract: Abstract: The Environmental Context of General Hospital is one of The Composite and Complex Physical Environments , Which Integrate and Combine Multifunction and Diverse forms of Human Behavior , Patient Privacy as Concept , Determined by Surrounding Social / Physical Therapeutic Environment . This Article Represent The Effects Both of Social Environment Which Interface Patient and Physical Characteristics of Therapeutic Environments , by Testing Three Types of Wards in AL-SALAM General Hospital in Mosul , The Results Indicates The Manipulation of Physical Environment to Get Accepted Level of Patient Privacy Dose not Works Without Consider Social Interaction Between Patients Together , Medical Staff and Visitors Where Those Have Affects in Patient Assessment of Privacy Level. Key words: privacy, general Hospital
Abstract: Abstract This paper presents results obtained by applying two neural networks models Backpropagation (BP), and Self-Organized Feature Map (SOFM) to a new application of handwritten Arabic alphanumeric character (HAAC) recognition. A novel method for features extraction, based on a shadow projection is used. Both networks are trained using Arabic character samples written by different people (learning set). They are required, after the learning is over, to recognize characters out of the learning set. Evaluation of the recognition (classification) capability of the two models for 28 alphanumeric characters is achieved. Depending on the experimental results, a comparison of both algorithms is done.
Abstract: Abstract The study defines the research problem as a reconsideration or reformulation of the researches to study of the formation basics of the proportional relationships in Islamic architecture. The aim of the study has been determined through the discovery of the terms and concepts in the proportional relationships system. The conclusion that have been achieved showed the originality for the proportional relationships system in the Islamic architecture, which based on the aesthetic taste that related to the symbolic aesthetic systems and the acquired knowledge that related to the geometrical mathematics systems for Muslims, and that how the compositions of the Islamic architecture of the difference in it's architectural models, with the it's functional types and it's architectural styles, through one main united though for the formation based on proportional relationships system
Abstract: Abstract The hydraulic characteristics of a compound crested inclined weir which consists of both quarter round and sharp crest weir configuration under free conditions were studied experimentally in order to investigates the discharge coefficient Cd and the performance of weirs for discharge . The experimental tests were carried out on a model of weir manufactured of compound crest shape fixed perpendicular and inclined with an angles 35°,45° and 60° across the direction of flow in the experimental channel. Number of flow discharge were dependent. Results showed that the model with an angle of weir inclination of 35° with the center line of the channel had a better performance than the other models (i.e
Abstract: DRAINMOD is a field and watershed scale water management simulation model that has been used to design subsurface drainage systems and characterize drainage and water table control practices in poorly drained soils. DRAINMOD is also used as a research tool to investigate the performance of drainage and sub irrigation systems and their effects on water use, crop response, land treatment of wastewater, and pollutants transport from agricultural fields. The model is based on a water balance in the profile to quantify hydrologic components such as infiltration, subsurface drainage, surface runoff, deep and lateral seepage and evapotranspiration. The objective of this research is to examine the capability of DRAINMOD to obtain an optimal drainage systems design for Iraqi conditions using the information of Dujailah project. This is done by obtaining the minimum drain depth and maximum spacing that meet the criteria for water table control. The results obtained from DRAINMOD for the drainage systems design show a good agreement with those previously obtained for Dujailah project. Therefore DRAINMOD is a suitable simulation model which can be used to simulate the performance of drainage and water table control systems in Iraq. Keywords :DRAINMOD, optimal drainage design, drainage in Iraq
Abstract: Abstract Two types of duplex stainless steels SAF 2205 and SAF 2305 have been selected in this study to investigate the effect of aging time and temperature on the tensile strength using (ABI) technique. Metallographic studies were conducted on heat treated duplex stainless steels to examine the phase relation ship with tensile strength. The results showed that with increasing the aging temperature from 400cº to 800cº the tensile strength of duplex stainless steels increased and reached its maximum value at 600cº for 72 hrs. At 1000cº the tensile strength decreased with increasing the aging time. For both types of duplex stainless steels these results attributed to metallurgical aspects like carbide precipitation, sigma phase, change in grain size, etc.